Fertilizers – Complete Guide to Plant Nutrition

Understanding NPK ratios in fertilizers

Every fertilizer contains three key elements: nitrogen (N) for foliage growth, phosphorus (P) for roots and flowering, and potassium (K) for disease resistance. High-nitrogen formulas (15-5-5) work best for lawns and leafy plants, while phosphorus-rich blends (5-15-10) promote blooming in roses and ornamentals. Choosing the correct ratio depends on the plant's growth stage and specific nutritional needs.

Mineral vs organic fertilizers

Mineral fertilizers like Substral products act quickly and allow precise nutrient control through accurate dosing. Organic fertilizers (compost, manure, humus) release nutrients gradually and improve soil structure over time. Combining both approaches yields the best results in intensive vegetable and flower cultivation.

Substrate amendments – lava granulate

Products like Granulat lave 20 l SC868 are used to improve soil structure and drainage. Lava granulate doesn't decompose, prevents substrate compaction and ensures root aeration. It's particularly valuable when growing orchids, succulents and Mediterranean herbs in containers.

Proper application and common mistakes

Over-fertilizing damages roots and pollutes groundwater – always follow recommended doses on the label. Liquid fertilizers work faster but require more frequent application, while slow-release granular types provide nutrients for 3-6 months. Never fertilize dry plants – always water first to prevent root burn.

Seasonal feeding and storage

Spring application of nitrogen-rich fertilizers promotes growth, while autumn formulations with increased potassium prepare plants for winter. Store fertilizers in a cool, dry place, in original packaging protected from moisture. Opened bags of mineral fertilizer lose effectiveness if they absorb humidity from the air.

Selection and Pricing

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